Synchros are an electromagnetic device, or transformer, that electrically transmits positional data between locations. Within an aircraft, synchros may be used as a rotary position sensor for aircraft control surfaces or as remote position indicators for landing gear, radar systems, and autopilot. Synchros may benefit both defense and commercial aircraft systems, and their easy installation and great reliability across many different aircraft components makes them a beneficial and desired device. In this blog, we will discuss the principles of synchros, as well as the various types of synchros and synchro components.
Synchros will typically contain both primary and secondary windings similar to a transformer, though their operations are more comparable to that of a motor. Synchros will often have two primary windings that rotate, as well as three secondary windings that are each 120 degrees apart to provide varying voltage ratios. A closed-loop system’s rotary output angle can be monitored using electrical synchros, providing accurate results. For the windings to rotate, they must be supplied with alternating current voltage at 115 or 26 VRMS. As aircraft are larger vehicles, they depend upon 400 Hz signals for the synchro rotor windings. When the synchro generates analog output signals, a synchro-to-digital converter transforms the analog signal into a digital signal.
When discussing the types of synchros, the two general categories consist of torque and control synchros.
1. Torque synchros - Torque synchros contain those that are transmitters, receivers, and differentials.
2. Control synchros - Control synchros, on the other hand, may be transmitters, differentials, transformers, and resolvers.
The synchro transmitter: The synchro transmitter can be used to obtain the angular position of a measured component on an aircraft. This is done by having the synchro rotor connected to the measured component, and then the position of the rotor is taken into account in relation to the synchro stator. The synchro differential transmitter then takes the measured position from the transmitter and a set rotor, calculating the difference of the transmitter electrical input and the rotor angle.
The synchro receiver : The synchro receiver takes the data of both the synchro transmitter and differential transmitter and then adjusts the placement of its rotor accordingly.
What is A Resolver?
A resolver is considered a type of synchro and may be used in aircraft systems. Resolvers feature windings that are placed 90 degrees from one another, rather than the standard 120 degrees of synchros. Resolvers may also differ from synchros in the fact that they have 2 secondary windings rather than 3. In general, resolvers are used to measure the mechanical angle displacement of a shaft and produce a corresponding electrical voltage.
The performance of electrical synchros and resolvers are often based on their accuracy, distortion, resolution, phase shift, and dynamic characteristics. Because of this, advanced testing equipment is often used to measure such facets to ensure precise measurements. Synchros and resolvers are important devices that allow for the control of flight surfaces, landing gear, actuators, aircraft instruments, and other various equipment. Because of this, it is always important to ensure that synchros and resolvers are inspected regularly and well maintained for optimal performance.
When it comes time to begin sourcing the electrical synchros, transmitters, and receivers that you need for your next operation or project, look no further than Complete Sourcing Solutions. Complete Sourcing Solutions is owned and operated by ASAP Semiconductor, and we can help you find the synchro and resolver parts and other aerospace components that you need, new or obsolete. As a premier supplier of parts for the aerospace, civil aviation, and defense industries, we're always available and ready to help you find all the parts and equipment you need, 24/7x365. ASAP Semiconductor is an FAA AC 0056B accredited and AS9120B, ISO 9001:2015 certified enterprise. For a quick and competitive quote, email us at sales@completesourcingsolutions.com or call us at +1-503-374-0340.
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