Posted on May 8, 2020 Harry Walker Electronics
Electrical microcircuits, more commonly known as integrated circuits, are a building block of modern electronic components that helped make computers, mobile phones, and other everyday electronics much more accessible and possible. An electrical integrated circuit consists of circuits that are placed on a semiconductor chip and operate with smaller sizes, greater speeds, and lower costs as compared to discrete circuits. In this blog, we will discuss the electrical integrated circuit, some common types, and how they are used in different applications.
The electrical integrated circuit has provided a number of advantages and improvements over previous iterations of printed circuit board technologies. As compared to discrete circuits, integrated circuits are much more economically efficient to produce, thus reducing the price of the final product that they are used for, such as computers. Beyond being cheaper, such electrical integrated circuit technology is capable of providing much higher speeds and performance while remaining smaller in size. With a more compact design, the integrated circuit consumes less power, generates less heat, and provides much more reliability as compared to previous predecessors.
To achieve the many properties and capabilities that make integrated circuit technology so desirable, there are a number of assembly parts that are implemented. The assembly of an electrical integrated circuit includes electronic components like capacitors, electrical transistor parts, electrical resistors, and electrical diodes. In general, around 20,000 components may be placed on a one square inch of an integrated circuit, allowing for a very complex circuit to have a simplistic design using only one chip. Due to their design and properties, integrated circuit technology can be produced in a wide range of packaging styles, complexities, and properties.
Linear integrated circuits, also referred to as analog integrated circuits, are those that operate over a continuous range of signals. With linear integrated circuits, both the output and input signal are continuous and are proportional to each other. Typical applications that linear integrated circuits serve include timers, voltage regulators, audio and radio frequency amplifiers, analog multipliers, phase locked loops, and more.
Digital integrated circuits are another type that may be used to perform logical functions. Digital integrated circuits are most often manufactured using monolithic or thick and thin film technologies. With digital integrated circuit technology, AND gates, XOR gates, OR gates, NAND gates, flip flops, counters, and other logic gates are made possible. Microprocessors are another common and popular form of digital integrated circuit technology.
Mixed signal integrated circuits are those that are able to function on both analog and digital signals that are present on a single chip. These types of integrated circuits are present within FM tuners, digital and analog converters, and ethernet technology. While this type of electrical integrated circuit is beneficial, they are somewhat difficult to design and develop due to differing requirements for power and consumption of digital and analog components.
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